Causal conjunctions

Causal conjunctions
Причинные союзы
К причинным союзам (вводящим придаточные предложения причины: см. Adverbial clause of reason) относятся союзы as, because, for, since
1) Союзы as и since вводят причину, которая уже известна слушателю или читателю, или маловажна. Такие придаточные предложения часто стоят в начале сложного предложения

As he was a bachelor, and in nobody's debt, nobody troubled his head any more about him — Так как он был холост и никому не должен, никто больше о нем не вспоминал

Since the book was based on interviews, it was as reliable as the subjects' responses — Так как книга была основана на интервью, ей можно было доверять только в той степени, в какой можно полагаться на свидетельства рассказчиков.

2) Только союз because может употребляться, если придаточное причины является наиболее важной частью сложного предложения

I didn't come, because I was ill — Я не пришел, потому что был болен

3) Союз for вводит новую информацию, которая, однако, не так важна и вводится как дополнительное соображение. Такие придаточные предложения всегда стоят в конце сложного предложения

Both were large bucks and very fat, with magnificent antlers, for it was late in August — Оба самца были большими и очень тучными, с великолепными рогами, так как дело происходило в августе.


English-Russian grammar dictionary. 2014.

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